Wireless telegraph or telephone system.



W. H. SHEPHARD & A. E. MGKEGHNIE.

WIRELESS TELEGRAPH OR TELEPHONE SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 13, 1913.

Patented July 21,1914

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max/MM W. H. SHEPHARD A. E. MGKEGHNIE- WIRELESS TELEGRAPH 0B. TELEPHONE SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED DBO. 13, 1913. 1,104,712. Patented July 21, 1911 6 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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WIRELESS TELEGRAPH 0R. TELEPHONE SYSTEM.

APPLIOATION I'ILED BBQ. 13, 1913.

Patented 'July 21, 1914.

W. H. SHEPHARD & A. E. MOKEGHNIE.

WIRELESS TELEGRAPH 0R TELEPHONE SYSTEM.

APPLIOAIION IILED DEC. 13, 1313.

Patented July 21, 1914.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

W. H. SHEPHARD & A. B. MGKEGHNIE.

WIRELESS TELEGRAPH 0R TELEPHONE SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 13, 1913.

' Patented July 21, 1914.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

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WILLIAM HENRY SHEPHABD AND ARCHIBALD EDWARD MGKECHNIE, OF LONDON.

ENGLAND.

WIRELESS TELEGRAPH OR TELEPHONE SYSTEM.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 21, 1914.

Application filed December 13, 1918. Serial No. 806,568.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, WILLIAM HENRY SHEPHARD and ARCHIBALD EDWARD Mo-- Knomvm, both subjects of the King of Great,

Britain, residing, respectively, at 3 Crown Court, Old Broadstreet, and 5 Colville Terrace, Bayswater, both in the county of Lon-' don, England, have invented certain newand useful Improvements in or Relating to. \Vireless Telegraph or Telephone Systems,-

l preferred constructional form of the autoof which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to wireless tele-i detail views of certain of the parts of the graph systems. According we combine with an alarm device which gives an aural indication when the receiving apparatus is rendered operative, an auto-- matic transmitter which is so arranged in relation to the alarm device that until the. latter is rendered inactive by the removal of the telephone receiver, a signal such'as the name of the vessel or station is transmitted as many times as may be arranged.

The second portion of the invention relates to alarm devices for use with the receiving apparatus of wireless telegraph systems, and has for its chief object to devise means whereby the said alarm device will not be rendered operative either by electrical disturbances such as take place during thunderstorms or by wireless messages of short duration; in this manner the operator will usually only be summoned by the alarm device when a call, such as the distress signal, intended for him is received. According to this portion of the invention we provide a movable switch in the circuit of the alarm device, which switch is under the influence of ordinary calls, as distinct from a special pre-arranged call, so that when the receiving circuit has been operative for a predetermined time as a result of the reception of the said calls, the switch is caused to open or close the alarm circuit. When the receiving circuit ceases to be operative, the switch automatically returns to its normal or zero position.

In order that the said invention may be clearly understood and readily carried into efi'ect, we will describe the same more fully to one portion of the invention 1 with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a view showing an apparatus embodying our improvements and, Fig. 2 is a diagram showing the electrical connections of Fig. 1. Fig. 2 is an extended diagram of Fig. 2. Figs. 3, 4 and 5 are diagrams showing three alternative circuits of the automatic transmitter. Fig. 6 is a diagrammatic view showing the essential portions of the matic transmitter. Figs. 7, 8, 9 and 10 are transmitter. Fig. 10 contains a constructional form of a portion of the invention. Fig. 11 is a diagram showing the circuits of a wireless telegraph system to which our improved movable switch is shown applied. Fig. 11 is an alternative arrangement of the delayed action switch. Fig. 12 is a side elevation showing the preferred constructional form of'our switch. Figs. 13, 14, 15 andlfi are views showing alternative forms of the switch.

Referring to Fig. 2, the lines 1, f represent part of the wireless receiving circuit and F is an electro-magnet in this circuit. F is a, switch arm under the control of this magnet the said arm being electrically connected'to a terminal F and being adapted to make contact with a contact piece f in circuit with another terminal F These two terminals are arranged in circuit with a battery F and with an electric lamp E. Thus when the arm F is caused to bear against the contact 1" the lamp E is lighted. The heat from the lamp when kept alight or flashed at frequentintervals for some time causes a column of mercury in a tube E to move downward owing to .the expansion of the air in the bulb containing the lamp. A wire in connection with a binding screw e is normally covered by the said mercury and current from the battery F is therefore passing through the electromagnet or solenoid A, the mercury being in electrical connection with another binding screw 6". As soon as the mercury uncovers the wire connected to the binding screw e the current through the magnet or solenoid A ceases and a pivoted weighted member A, normally held by said magnet, then drops into contact with a screw a. This screw is in a circuit containing an alarm bell a (Fig. 2) and an clectro-magnet or solenoid D whose armaturn I), 'Fig. v 1, engages with" a .pin (1' on a disk B constituting an automatic transmitter, this disk being driven by a clock movement ll". Consequently when the member A drops into contact with the screw a the hell (I? rings and the armature D is released from a. pin (1 thereby allowing a disk B to rotate. This disk is provided with contacts which bear against a brush B arranged in circuit with an eleetromagnet or solenoid C the armature of which is con-" nected' to a key C in the transmitting c1r- When the disk B rotates the,

cuit C" C". current through the magnet 0 1s intermittently made and broken in accordance with the spacing of the contacts on the disk B' and the key (L accordingly automatically, transmits a message such or example as the code word representing the name ofthe ship carrying the apparatus.

The circuit through the brush B and the magnet C is broken at the contact points e 0" when the telephone receiver A is removed from its pivoted hook A, this being effected by providing the hook A with an arm A which normally closes the contacts 0* c" as shown in Fig. 1, but which when the receiver is removed from the hook moves into a position to enable the contacts 0", 0* one of which is resilient, to break the circuit through the brush B and the magnet C". This vmovement of the hook causes its arm to close the normally unclosed contacts 0"",

0", thereby short circuiting the aforesaid electromagnet F and preventing the alarm device from coming into operation when a message is being received. This movement of the hook also lifts the member A into contact with the electromagnet A.

The pivoted hook is connected by means of a slip pawl A with a chain or with a slotted rod A as shown in Fig. 1. The said pawl is spring controlled and is so arranged in relation to a fixed stop A that after the hook A has been moved downward a predetermined extent under the weight of the telephone receiver A the connection between the said hook and the slotted rod A is broken. The slot A of this rod is adapted to receive a pin A connected to the arm If that is adapted to wind a spring that effects the movement of the aforesaid disk B. The arm b moves with the clockwork that actu'ates the disk, so that when the latter has completed its automatic movement, the pin A is at or near the bottom of the slot A The replacement of the receiver A consequently causes the arm 5* to be lifted until the rod A is released by the pawl A, whereupon the said rod falls so that the by wires 0, c to terminals 0", 0".

said automatic transmitter is rewound, thus 'move downward in the slot during the movement of the arm 12* as the disk C rotates.

Referring to Fig.3, a metal ball A takes the place of the member A of Fig. 1 and is disposed in an inclined trough A forming part of the switch arm A for the reception of the telephone receiver A. The magnet D is arranged in parallel with the circuit containing the bell a and the disk B together with its brush are directly connected The terminals a make contact with a plate a on the arm A only when the receiver is in position; the terminal 0" engages with the transmitter key C only when the latter is in its normal or inoperative position so that when the key is depressed the circuit from the automatic transmitter through the wires C", C is broken.

In order to insure that the spring of the automatic transmitter is never left unwound when it is adapted to be wound by hand, it may be arranged as shown in Fig. 4, when in its run down position, so that the winding handle I) or a part moving therewith closes the circuit through the bell a so that even if the telephone A is removed from its hook on the pivoted switch arm A the bell a will continue to ring until the spring of the automatic transmitter is re-wound.

In the alternative arrangement shown in Fig. 10, the arm b of the automatic trans mitter when in the unwound condition serves to complete the circuit. through an electro-magnet 01"" controlling an armature 6? which locks the transmitter key (1 so that no message can be despatched till the insuring its preparedness for any subsequent call. Furthermore, thec1rcu1ts may be arranged as shown in Fig. 5 so that the bell a will not ring until the automatic transmitter has ceased to rotate, the bell being stopped when the said transmitter is rewound.

Referring to Fig. 11 e e are the contacts of themovable switch these contacts being in electrical connection with the aforesaid electromagnet or solenoid A appertaining to'the metal ball A which as aforesaid takes the place of the member A of Fig. 2.

In Fig. 11 the mercury is arranged in the U-tube E which at one end communicates with the atmosphere and at the other end with a bulb E containing theaforesai'd incandescent electric lamp E which may be hermetically sealed in position, or may be retained by means of a slightly porous plug of porcelain in order that changesin the atmospheric temperature shall not affect the position of the column of mercury. If the receiving apparatus is only occasionally rendered active the heat generated-by the lamp E will not expand the air sufliciently to move the mercury away from the aforesaid contact 6' but if a more or less continuous message is received, the mercury leaves the contact 6' and the alarm bell a is sounded as aforesaid. Between the periods of activity of the receiving circuit, theheatwill be radiated and conducted away so that-the mercury will return to its normal or zero position.

Instead of the movement of the mercury uncovering the contact e the latter may be normally uncovered as shown in Fig. 11 the mercury then by its movement covering the same and thereby completing the circuit through the magnet A. The arrangement of the magnet and the ball A is in this case such that the energization of the magnet will release the ball.

In the example shown in Fig. 12, two arms E are provided open to the atmosphere, a lower branch E receiving the contact 6'. This contact is carried by a screwed plug 6 so that the height of the contact can be adjusted with respect to the normal level of the mercury; in this manner the interval of time between the beginning of the reception of the signal and the release of the ball A can be varied. If desired the level of the mercury may be adjusted with respect to the contact e by means of the plug 6 the contact e may in this case be fixed. A porous plug e is provided in order to compensate for changes in atmospheric temperature as aforesaid.

In theconstruction shown in Fig.'13 the part E is disposed within a tube E which is open at the upper end to the atmosphere, the mercury passing from the part E to the tube E and vice versa throughholes c in a base E carrying the part E and the tube E. In other respects this construction is similar to Fig. 12.

In the arrangement shown in Fig. 14, the arnf E terminates in a closed bulb E. In this manner variations in atmospheric temperature and pressure have no efiect upon the level of the mercury. The construction shown in Fig. 15 is substantially similar to that of Fig. 13 except that the bulb E terminates in a tube e which surrounds a smaller tube 6 carrying the contact 6'. The

only other diiference between the two constructions is that one is shown as being adapted to make and the other to break. the circuit through the magnet A.

In the construction shown in Fig. 16 two arms E E are provided as in Fig. 12, but each of these arms carries contacts 6', e, which are arranged in series with each other. Each of the arms E may if desired terminate in a closed bulb as in the construction shown in Fig. 14. v

The main object of each of the constructions illustrated by Figs. 12, 13, 15 and 16 is to the efiect of the rolling of the ship upon the interval of time required to cause the mercury to effect the energization of the deenergization of the magnet A, it being evident that in the constructions shown in Figs. 11 and 14 the level of the mercury relatively to the contact 0 will vary appreciably whenthe ship rolls.

' Instead of the aforesaid column of mercury we may employ a thermal switch such as a compound bar composed of two riveted bars of metal having different co-eflicients of expansion.

The inertia wheel G may if desired be replaced by a vaned wheel mounted in a vessel containing a suitable liquid.

What we claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is 1. In a wireless telegraph system, the combination with an alarm device which gives an aural'indication when the receiving apparatus is rendered operative, of an automatic transmitter, a pivoted arm, a telephone receiver normally carried by said arm, and means for breaking the circuit through the automatic transmitter when the said arm moves as a result of the removal of the,

telephone receiver.

2.' In a wireless telegraph system, the combination with an alarm device which gives an aural indication when the receiving apparatus is rendered operative, a make and break disk, a stop pin on said disk, an electromagnet under the control of the circuit of said alarm device and an armature of said magnet normally engaging with said stop pin.

3. In a wireless telegraph system, the combination with an electromagnefi arranged in the receiving circuit, of a switch arm controlled by said magnet, a movable mercury switch the actuating circuit of which is controlled by said switch arm, an electromagnet adapted to be energized and deenergized by the mercury switch, an inertia member controlled by the last mentioned electromagnet, an alarm bell, means whereby said member brings said alarm bell into operation, an automatic transmitter, and means whereby said member brings the transmitter into action.

4. In a wireless telegraph system, the combination with an electromagnet arranged in the receiving circuit, of a switch arm controlled by said magnet, a movable mercury switch the actuating circuit of which is controlled by said switch arm, an electromagnet adapted to be energized and decnergized by the mercury switch, an inertia member controlled by the last mentioned electromagnet, an alarm bell, means whereby said member brings said alarm bell into operation, an automatic transmitter, means whereby said member brings the transmitter into action, a pivoted arm, a telephone receiver normally carried by' said arm, means whereby vvhen In testimony whereof we aflix our signalsaid receiver 1s 1n posltion the transmitter tures in presence of two witnesses. r

and the alarm device can be operated, and IL EN Y snzrmn; means whereby when the telephonereceiver mcmmm EDWARD 11 1130111111; is removed thetransmitter and the alarm Witnesses? device are rendered inoperative and the re- GEORGE PERCY SKELSEY,

ceiving circuit shortcircuited. i Emms'r PABK. 

